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      • Colourful Italian Towns >
        • Bosa
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        • Alberobello
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      • I Borghi Piu Belli d'Italia >
        • Finalborgo
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        • Castiglione di Sicilia
        • Porto Ercole
      • Orange Flag Towns of Italy >
        • Roccascalegna
        • Arpino
        • Clusone
        • Apricale
        • Triora
        • Torno
        • Fontanellato
        • Nemi
        • San Vito al Tagliamento
        • Alberona
      • Vineyard Towns of Italy >
        • Barolo
        • Bolgheri
        • Soave
        • Greve in Chianti
        • Barbaresco
        • San Giorgio di Valpolicella
        • Radda in Chianti
        • Frascati
        • Gavi
      • Mural Towns of Italy >
        • Dozza
        • Sant'Angelo Le Fratte
        • Valogno
        • San Sperate
        • Satriano di Lucania
        • Usseaux
        • Cibiana di Cadore
      • Spa Towns of Italy >
        • Salsomaggiore Terme
        • San Pellegrino Terme
        • Montecatini Terme
        • Chianciano Terme
        • Saturnia
        • Bagno Vignoni
      • Ghost Towns of Italy >
        • Craco
        • Pentedattilo
        • Celleno
        • Argentiera
    • Italian Coastal and Lake Resorts >
      • Top Ten Italian Beach Resorts >
        • Isola Bella (Taormina)
        • Vieste
        • Sestri Levante
        • Tropea
        • Santa Teresa Gallura
        • Cefalu
        • Gallipoli
        • Biodola
        • Monterosso al Mare
        • Sperlonga
      • Seaside Towns of Italy >
        • Positano
        • Sorrento
        • Amalfi
        • Polignano a Mare
        • Alghero
        • Portofino
        • Portovenere
        • Scilla
        • Sanremo
        • Rimini
      • Coastal Towns of Southern Italy >
        • Otranto
        • Santa Flavia
        • Gaeta
        • Termoli
        • Pizzo
        • Trani
        • Agropoli
        • Santa Maria al Bagno
        • Fontane Bianche
        • San Foca
      • Coastal Towns of Northern Italy >
        • Sirolo
        • Camogli
        • Rapallo
        • Caorle
        • Viareggio
        • Cesenatico
        • Santa Margherita Ligure
        • Muggia
        • Portonovo
        • Castiglioncello
      • Lakeside Towns of Italy >
        • Varenna
        • Orta San Giulio
        • Como
        • Bellagio
        • Verbania
        • Sirmione
        • Molveno
        • Trevignano Romano
        • Desenzano del Garda
        • Passignano sul Trasimeno
      • Italian Coastal Areas >
        • Amalfi Coast
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        • Cinque Terre
        • Gargano Peninsula
        • Riviera di Levante
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        • Conero Peninsula
        • Versilia
      • Fishing Villages of Italy >
        • Vernazza
        • Marina Corricella
        • Bogliasco
        • Giovinazzo
        • Sant'Angelo d'Ischia
        • Riomaggiore
        • Nervi
        • Chianalea
        • Bisceglie
      • Italian Beaches >
        • Best Beaches in Italy >
          • Spiaggia dei Conigli
          • La Pelosa Beach
          • Cala delle Caldane Beach
          • Cala Rossa Beach (Favignana)
          • Maronti Beach
          • Cavoli Beach
          • Torre Sant'Andrea
          • Rena Bianca Beach
        • Beach Resorts of Italy >
          • San Vito Lo Capo
          • Marzamemi
          • Baja Sardinia
          • Santa Caterina
          • Marcelli
          • Sampieri
          • Lacona
        • Blue Flag Beaches in Italy
    • Italian Islands >
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          • Marettimo
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          • Lampedusa
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        • Ustica
      • Sardinian Islands >
        • La Maddalena Archipelago >
          • La Maddalena Island
          • Caprera
          • Spargi
          • Santa Maria
          • Santo Stefano (Maddalena)
          • Razzoli
          • Budelli
        • Sant'Antioco
        • Asinara
        • Tavolara
        • San Pietro Island
      • Tuscan Archipelago >
        • Elba >
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        • Giglio
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        • Giannutri
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        • Ponza >
          • Things to see in Ponza >
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            • Ponza Travel >
              • How to get to Ponza
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        • Ventotene
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        • Zannone
        • Gavi Island
      • Tremiti Islands >
        • San Domino
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        • Isola Bella (Lake Maggiore)
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        • Isola Minore (Lake Trasimeno)
      • Capri
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      • Palmaria
    • Man-Made Landmarks of Italy >
      • Castles of Italy >
        • Castello Aragonese (Ischia)
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        • Buonconsiglio Castle
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        • Castel Beseno
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        • Rocca Calascio
      • Beautiful Italian Piazzas >
        • Piazza del Campo
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        • Piazza del Plebiscito (Naples)
        • Piazza Duomo (Syracuse)
        • Piazza del Duomo (Florence)
      • Roman Monuments in Italy >
        • Colosseum
        • Verona Arena
        • Campano Amphitheatre
        • Roman Forum
        • Roman Amphitheatre of Lecce
        • Pantheon
        • Arch of Constantine
        • Roman Theatre of Aosta
        • Circus Maximus
        • Arch of Augustus (Rimini)
      • Towers of Italy >
        • Leaning Tower of Pisa
        • Giotto's Bell Tower
        • Saint Mark's Bell Tower
        • Torre dei Lamberti
        • Two Towers of Bologna
        • Torre del Mangia
        • Bosco Verticale
        • Torrazzo of Cremona
        • Palazzo Vecchio Tower
        • Leaning Tower of Portogruaro
      • Bridges of Italy >
        • Rialto Bridge
        • Ponte Vecchio (Florence)
        • Castelvecchio Bridge
        • Ponte Coperto
        • Ponte Vecchio (Bassano)
        • Ponte Sant'Angelo
        • Ponte della Maddalena
        • Milvian Bridge
        • Ponte Pietra
        • Ponte Flaminio
      • Modern Landmarks of Italy >
        • Trevi Fountain
        • Statue of David
        • Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II
        • Il Vittoriano
        • Arco della Pace
        • Galleria Umberto I
        • Mole Antonelliana
        • Cimitero Monumentale (Milan)
      • Monuments of Magna Graecia >
        • Greek Theatre of Syracuse
        • Paestum
        • Riace Bronzes
        • Tavole Palatine
        • Ancient Greek Theatre of Taormina
        • Tyndaris
    • Natural Landmarks of Italy >
      • Lakes of Italy >
        • Lake Garda
        • Lake Como
        • Lake Maggiore
        • Lake Trasimeno
        • Lake Bracciano
        • Lake Orta
        • Lake Iseo
        • Lake Lugano
        • Lake Tenno
        • Lakes of Fusine
      • Rivers of Italy >
        • River Po
        • River Adige
        • River Tiber
        • River Adda
        • River Oglio
        • River Tanaro
        • River Ticino
        • River Arno
        • River Piave
        • River Reno
      • Mountains of Italy >
        • Mount Vesuvius
        • Mount Etna
        • Matterhorn
        • Monte Bianco
        • Mount Subasio
        • Monte Amiata
        • Mount Epomeo
        • Mount Solaro
      • Mountain Ranges of Italy >
        • The Italian Alps
        • The Apennines
        • The Dolomites
      • Mountain and Valley Regions of Italy >
        • Val d'Orcia
        • Val Gardena
        • Lys Valley
        • Val di Cecina
      • Wine Regions of Italy >
        • Chianti
        • Langhe
        • Monferrato
        • Valpolicella
    • Religious Buildings of Italy >
      • Cathedrals of Italy >
        • Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
        • Milan Cathedral
        • Florence Cathedral
        • Basilica di San Marco
        • Siena Cathedral
        • Orvieto Cathedral
        • Monreale Cathedral
        • Syracuse Cathedral
        • Pisa Cathedral
        • Cefalu Cathedral
      • Basilicas of Italy >
        • Saint Peters Basilica
        • Basilica di San Nicola
        • Basilica di San Vitale
        • Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
        • Basilica di Sant'Apollinare in Classe
        • Basilica di Santa Croce Lecce
        • Basilica di San Petronio
        • Basilica di Sant'Antonio
        • Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
        • Basilica di Sant'Anastasia
      • Abbeys & Monasteries of Italy >
        • Pomposa Abbey
        • Certosa di Pavia
        • Montecassino Abbey
        • Chiaravalle Abbey
        • Santa Caterina del Sasso
        • Fossanova Abbey
        • Certosa di Padula
        • Abbazia di Chiaravalle di Fiastra
      • Baptisteries of Italy >
        • Florence Baptistery
        • Pisa Baptistery
        • Padua Baptistery
        • Lateran Baptistery
        • Parma Baptistery
        • Pistoia Baptistery
        • Neonian Baptistery of Ravenna
        • Albenga Baptistery
      • Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy >
        • Sacro Monte di Oropa
        • Sacro Monte di Varallo
        • Sacro Monte di Crea
        • Sacro Monte di Ghiffa
        • Sacro Monte di Domodossola
        • Sacro Monte di Orta
      • Religious Sanctuaries of Italy >
        • Sanctuary of Padre Pio
        • Santuario Madonna della Corona
        • Sacra di San Michele
        • Tindari Sanctuary
        • Santuario di San Francesco di Paola
        • La Verna
      • Chapels of Italy >
        • Sistine Chapel
        • Palatine Chapel (Palermo)
        • Scrovegni Chapel
        • Pazzi Chapel
    • Cultural Institutions of Italy >
      • Archaeological Sites of Italy >
        • Pompeii
        • Ostia Antica
        • Su Nuraxi di Barumini
        • Villa Romana del Casale
        • Aquileia
        • Valley of the Temples (Agrigento)
        • Nora
        • Herculaneum
        • Metaponto
        • Villa Adriana (Tivoli)
      • Gardens of Italy >
        • Villa Taranto
        • Villa d'Este (Tivoli)
        • La Mortella Gardens
        • Villa Rufolo
        • Parco Giardino Sigurta
        • Villa Monastero
        • Villa Lante
        • Villa Carlotta
        • Villa Cimbrone
        • Giardino Giusti
      • Museums of Italy >
        • Vatican Museums
        • National Automobile Museum (Turin)
        • National Museum of Science & Technology (Milan)
        • Naples National Archaeological Museum
        • Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Florence)
        • Egyptian Museum of Turin
        • Museo di Santa Giulia
        • National Museum of Magna Graecia
      • Palaces of Italy >
        • Royal Palace of Caserta
        • Royal Palace of Turin
        • Doge's Palace
        • Royal Palace of Naples
        • Palazzo Ducale (Mantova)
        • Royal Palace of Capodimonte
        • Villa Farnese (Caprarola)
        • Palazzo Ducale Urbino
      • Art Galleries of Italy >
        • Uffizi Gallery
        • Doria Pamphili Gallery
        • Galleria dell'Accademia (Florence)
        • Pinacoteca Ambrosiana
        • Galleria d'Arte Moderna (Turin)
        • Palazzo Blu
      • Theatres of Italy >
        • Teatro San Carlo
        • Teatro alla Scala
        • Teatro La Fenice
        • Teatro Bibiena
    • UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Italy >
      • Residences of the Royal House of Savoy >
        • Reggia di Venaria Reale
        • Castello di Govone
        • Palazzina di Caccia di Stupinigi
        • Palazzo Madama (Turin)
        • Castello di Aglie
        • Castello del Valentino
        • Castello della Mandria
        • Racconigi Castle
        • Rivoli Castle
        • Palazzo Carignano
      • Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalu and Monreale >
        • Ponte dell'Ammiraglio
        • Castello della Zisa
        • Chiesa di San Giovanni degli Eremiti
        • Chiesa di San Cataldo
        • Chiesa di Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio
      • Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna >
        • Archiepiscopal Chapel
        • Arian Baptistery
        • Basilica di Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
        • Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
        • Mausoleum of Theodoric
      • Longobards in Italy Places of the Power 568 to 774 AD >
        • Basilica di San Salvatore (Spoleto)
        • Castelseprio
        • Monte Sant'Angelo
        • Santa Sofia Complex of Benevento
        • Tempietto del Clitunno
      • Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany >
        • Villa Medicea La Ferdinanda
        • Villa della Petraia
        • Villa di Poggio a Caiano
      • Late Baroque Towns of the Val di Noto South Eastern Sicily >
        • Caltagirone
        • Militello in Val di Catania
        • Palazzolo Acreide
      • 18th Century Royal Palace at Caserta with the Park the Aqueduct of Vanvitelli and the San Leucio Complex >
        • San Leucio Complex
        • Vanvitelli Aqueduct
      • Venetian Works of Defence Between the 16th and 17th Centuries Stato da Terra Western Stato da Mar >
        • Peschiera del Garda
    • Parks of Italy >
      • National Parks of Italy >
        • Abruzzo Lazio & Molise National Park
        • Alta Murgia National Park
        • Appennino Lucano Val d'Agri and Lagonegrese National Park
        • Appennino Tosco Emiliano National Park
        • Aspromonte National Park
        • Cilento Vallo di Diano & Alburni National Park
      • Nature Reserves of Italy >
        • Riserva Naturale dello Zingaro
        • Adamello Brenta Nature Park
        • Stagnone Nature Reserve
        • Migliarino San Rossore Nature Park
        • Fanes Sennes Prags Nature Park
        • Torre Guaceto
      • Regional Parks of Italy >
        • Matese Regional Park
        • Po Delta Regional Park
        • Parco Naturale Orsiera Rocciavre
        • Parco di Pratolino
      • Italian City Parks >
        • Villa Borghese
        • Parco Sempione
        • Real Bosco di Capodimonte
        • Villa Doria Pamphili
        • Parco Ducale Parma
        • Villa Giulia Palermo
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Florence

Florence​


By Dion Protani
Latest update: 28 January 2022

Standing proud at the north-eastern corner of Tuscany, the city of Florence is the official regional capital, but perhaps more importantly in cultural terms: The Cradle of the Renaissance. 

The list of names that have left their stamp on the city is quite astonishing, a veritable who's who of movers and shakers from the medieval period through to the Enlightenment. The powerful banking family, the Medici, were one of the catalysts that made Florence the world capital of art, a position it has sustained during modern times with its vast collection of galleries and museums. 
Florence Baptistery
Basilica di Santa Maria Novella, Florence
Florence Cathedral
Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence
Ponte Vecchio, Florence
Statue of David, Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence

Related links
Major Cities of Italy
Things to see in Tuscany
Florence Activities
Renaissance Cities and Towns of Italy
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Italy
Film and TV Locations in Italy

Florence's Renaissance Celebrities

​
​A little name-dropping here might help set the scene; among the artists to have been born or lived in Florence we can count Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Donatello and Lorenzo Ghiberti. To the list of artists you can add Giotto who was also known for his architectural prowess along with superstars of the industry such as Brunelleschi and Giorgio Vasari whose beautiful corridor leading from the Uffizi Gallery across the River Arno to the Palazzo Pitti is one of the most remarkable creations in the city. 

​From the literary world we can add such luminaries as the poet Dante, father of the Italian language, and Niccolò Machiavelli whose treatise The Prince has been influencing politicians for more than 500 years. To this rather extraordinary list of names we can also add Galileo Galilei, an astronomer/polymath whose work advanced a number of scientific fields sufficiently to still be revered to this day.

Sightseeing in Florence

With the influence of the characters listed above, it's no surprise that Florence has thrived from its renaissance boom to its position in modern times as one of the most desirable tourist destinations in Europe. It has a relatively low population, under 400,000, which belies its cultural importance to Tuscany and to Italy as a whole. It's not particularly big in terms of physical size either and this is perhaps one of its greatest advantages: making it so easy to get around and see everything on foot. ​

Where to start

​Without a doubt, the starting point for any itinerary of the city should be the Piazza del Duomo; this is the most famous square in Florence and home to several of its most important sights. The centrepiece of the square is Florence Cathedral with its marble facade and distinctive dome created by Brunelleschi who broke all the hitherto known rules of geometry to create it. The Cathedral is flanked by Giotto's Bell Tower which you can climb for one of the best views of the city. You can also reach higher than the Bell Tower by entering the Cathedral itself and climbing up to Brunelleschi's Dome, a passage that's not for the faint-hearted with its vertigo-inducing views.

Just in front of the Cathedral lies the beautiful Florence Baptistery with its matching marble exterior, punctuated on either side by the Gates of Paradise, a pair of bronze doors for which the sculptor Ghiberti is most-famed. At the opposite end of Piazza del Duomo stands one of the city's best museums; so vast was the treasure inside the Cathedral that a separate building was required to house it and you can enjoy these incredible riches at the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo. ​

Beyond Piazza del Duomo

A walk south of Piazza del Duomo will see you walking any of a series of beautiful streets which these days are occupied by high-end shops, boutiques and hotels. Many of those streets lead to the second most important square in Florence: Piazza della Signoria. This expansive square is one of the best places to eat or drink in Florence with its dozens of restaurants and their outdoor seating areas where you can watch the world go by. The most famous building on the square is the Palazzo Vecchio, Florence's town hall from which protrudes the striking medieval tower known as Arnolfo's Tower to some or Palazzo Vecchio Tower to others. Just outside the Palazzo Vecchio there are two important sculptures: the Fontana del Nettuno, and "a" Statue of David, a copy of its more famous counterpart by Michelangelo which is on display north of the city centre at the Galleria dell'Accademia.

The next building south of the Palazzo Vecchio is the Uffizi Gallery. This is one of the most famous museum galleries in the world and you really need to make a day of it for an effective visit. The enormous gallery building stretches to the banks of the River Arno which can be crossed by Vasari's incredible internal corridor. That corridor forms part of one of the world's most famous bridges: the Ponte Vecchio, built in 1345. A quite unique bridge both at the time of its construction and certainly in modern times, it is almost a little district in itself with its multi-floor layout concealing a number of jewellery shops. The covered section above those shops is the continuation of the Vasari Corridor, built so that the most important people in the city wouldn't be bothered by the hoi-polloi and were able to make their way across the river in peace. ​

The other side of the River Arno

Across the River Arno, the destination of those VIPs of the day was the Palazzo Pitti. The huge palace is nowadays home to a series of galleries and museums, while its gardens are among the most celebrated of their kind in the world. Boboli Gardens stretches from Palazzo Pitti all the way up to the imposing Forte di Belvedere, known among other things for its wonderful views. However, the very best views of Florence can be enjoyed from Piazzale Michelangelo which sits on a hill south-west of the city centre. From here you can see almost all of the city's famous sights from the River Arno with its bridges and the dozens of churches and palaces on either side. 

Looking diagonally across the city from Piazzale Michelangelo you can just about make out Piazza Santa Maria Novella. The square is named after the religious complex of the Basilica di Santa Maria Novella, one of the most important churches in the city. It lies just a short walk from Florence's main train station, also called Santa Maria Novella which provides one of the most important arteries for travel in and out of the city. Just outside Santa Maria Novella there's also a tram system in operation which allows easy access for some of the sights on the city's periphery or indeed for its residential areas. 

It's impossible to capture everything that's good about Florence on a single page; in most other cities, the Bargello National Museum or the Basilica di Santa Croce would have been at the very top of the list but this just illustrates the depth of sights Florence can offer. 

Comune di Firenze
Province: Metropolitan City of Florence

Region: capital of Tuscany

Population: 369,419 (source: ISTAT 1 January 2022)

Size: 102 km²

Elevation: 50 metres

Top sights: Florence Cathedral, Uffizi Gallery, Giotto's Bell Tower

​Close by: Fiesole, Mugello, Scarperia, Lake Bilancino, Certaldo

​​Recommended accommodation: Hotel Spadai

​UNESCO World Heritage Site

Historic Centre of Florence

​Year: 1982

Florence  Travel

Public transport: ​​Trams, buses, mainline train station

​
By car: Siena - 1 hr 10, Pisa - 1 hr 24, Lucca - 1 hr 45'

​By tram: ​​Florence Airport - 23 minutes
By air: Florence Airport (8 km), 23 minutes by tram, 30 mins by car

​
By train: Rome - 1 hr 25, Milan - 1 hr 48, Venice - 2 hrs 6 mins

Main train station: Santa Maria Novella

Florence  Gallery


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