Pantheon​

​By Dion Protani
Latest update: 23 January 2024
The Pantheon in Rome is one of the most important buildings that still survive from the period of the Roman Empire. Constructed as a Roman temple around 125 AD during the period of rule by the Emperor Hadrian, it was later converted into a church. 

Even during modern times, architects study the Pantheon for the way in which its stone dome and oculus could have been produced. 
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The Pantheon is one of the most iconic and well-preserved ancient Roman buildings in Rome, Italy. It is a remarkable architectural masterpiece that continues to awe visitors with its grandeur and engineering brilliance.
History
The Pantheon was originally commissioned by Marcus Agrippa, a Roman general and statesman, in 27 BC, during the reign of Emperor Augustus. However, the original structure was destroyed by fire in 80 AD.

The current building that stands today was rebuilt by the Roman Emperor Hadrian around 126 AD. The word "Pantheon" comes from the Greek words "pan" (all) and "theos" (gods), indicating that the temple was dedicated to all the gods of ancient Rome.
Key features and nearby attractions
  • Architecture: The Pantheon's architecture is one of its most outstanding features. Its massive dome, made of concrete and still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome, is a marvel of ancient engineering. The dome has a central oculus (a circular opening) that allows natural light to filter into the building, creating a captivating light display inside.
  • Interior: The interior of the Pantheon is equally impressive. The vast, circular space is adorned with marble, intricate stucco work, and beautiful sculptures. The main altar was once dedicated to all the gods but is now dedicated to Christian worship.
  • Tombs: Several notable figures are buried in the Pantheon, including the Renaissance artist Raphael and the first king of unified Italy, Victor Emmanuel II.
  • Accessibility: The Pantheon is centrally located in Rome and is easily accessible on foot or by public transportation. It is surrounded by numerous other historical landmarks and tourist attractions.
  • Entrance: Entry to the Pantheon is free of charge, making it a popular spot for both tourists and locals alike. However, please note that it is an active church, so visitors should dress respectfully when entering.
  • Crowds: The Pantheon can get crowded, especially during peak tourist seasons, so visiting early in the morning or later in the afternoon may offer a more relaxed experience.
  • Nearby Attractions: The Pantheon is within walking distance of many other famous sites, such as Piazza Navona, the Trevi Fountain, and the Spanish Steps.
Pantheon
City: Rome

Province: ​Metropolitan City of Rome

Region: ​Lazio

Completed: 125 AD

Nearest Metro stop: Barberini - Line A - 1.2 km - 15 minute walk​

​Fly to: ​​Rome Fiumicino Airport - 31 minutes by car (30 km)​​​

Close by: Piazza Navona, Campo de' Fiori, Trevi Fountain

​​Recommended accommodation: Hotel Artemide
UNESCO World Heritage Site

Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in the City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura

​Year: 1980

Pantheon​  Gallery

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