Saint Peter's Basilica
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By Dion Protani
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Latest update: 23 January 2024
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The Basilica di San Pietro or Saint Peter's Basilica is the largest church in the world and the most revered in all Christendom.
The part Renaissance part Baroque structure was completed in 1626 and had the likes of Bramante, Michelangelo and Bernini among its architects. The Basilica stands at the heart of the tiny Vatican City in Rome, just in front of Piazza San Pietro. |
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Despite its unquestioned importance to the Christian world, Saint Peter's Basilica is not in fact classified as a Cathedral as it's not the seat of the Bishop of Rome; that distinction belongs to the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran.
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Saint Peter's Basilica (Basilica di San Pietro) is one of the most significant and revered churches in Christianity, located in Vatican City, Rome, Italy. It is the largest church in the world and serves as the principal church of the Roman Catholic Church. The basilica is built on the traditional site where Saint Peter, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus and the first Bishop of Rome, was buried.
The original church was constructed in the 4th century AD under the patronage of Emperor Constantine. However, over the centuries, it suffered damages due to earthquakes and fires. In the 16th century, Pope Julius II commissioned the construction of the present-day basilica, and some of the greatest artists and architects of the time, including Michelangelo and Bernini, were involved in its design and construction.
The original church was constructed in the 4th century AD under the patronage of Emperor Constantine. However, over the centuries, it suffered damages due to earthquakes and fires. In the 16th century, Pope Julius II commissioned the construction of the present-day basilica, and some of the greatest artists and architects of the time, including Michelangelo and Bernini, were involved in its design and construction.
Key features
Saint Peter's Basilica is a stunning example of Renaissance and Baroque architecture. The exterior features a grand facade adorned with massive columns, statues, and intricate carvings. The towering dome, designed by Michelangelo, is one of the basilica's most iconic features, dominating the skyline of Rome.
The interior is equally impressive, with vast marble spaces, beautiful mosaics, and numerous altars, chapels, and statues. The central nave leads to the impressive Baldacchino, a bronze canopy over the papal altar designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Beneath the altar lies the Confessio, a space traditionally believed to be the tomb of Saint Peter.
One of the basilica's most sacred and revered relics is the Cathedra Petri (Chair of Saint Peter), located in the apse. It is an ancient wooden throne believed to have been used by Saint Peter himself.
The interior is equally impressive, with vast marble spaces, beautiful mosaics, and numerous altars, chapels, and statues. The central nave leads to the impressive Baldacchino, a bronze canopy over the papal altar designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Beneath the altar lies the Confessio, a space traditionally believed to be the tomb of Saint Peter.
One of the basilica's most sacred and revered relics is the Cathedra Petri (Chair of Saint Peter), located in the apse. It is an ancient wooden throne believed to have been used by Saint Peter himself.
Visitor information
- Visiting Hours: Saint Peter's Basilica is open to visitors daily, but the opening and closing times may vary depending on religious events and ceremonies. It's advisable to check the schedule before planning a visit.
- Entry Fee: There is no entry fee to visit the basilica. However, if visitors wish to climb the dome or visit the Vatican Grottoes, there may be a nominal fee.
- Dress Code: As a place of worship, modest dress is required when visiting Saint Peter's Basilica. Sleeveless tops, shorts, and miniskirts are not allowed, and shoulders should be covered as a sign of respect.
- Guided Tours: Guided tours are available for visitors who want to explore the basilica's history, art, and religious significance in more detail. Expert guides can provide insights into the basilica's architectural wonders and its role in Christian history.
- Climbing the Dome: Visitors have the option to climb the dome to enjoy breathtaking panoramic views of Rome. The climb involves walking 551 steps to the top of the dome, where visitors can get a closer look at the stunning mosaics and a bird's-eye view of St. Peter's Square.
- Getting There: Saint Peter's Basilica is located in Vatican City, which is easily accessible from various parts of Rome through public transportation, including the metro and buses.
Basilica Papale di San Pietro
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City: Rome
Province: Metropolitan City of Rome Region: Lazio Completed: 1626 Architectural styles: Renaissance, Baroque Nearest Metro stop: Ottaviano - Line A - 850 m - 10 minute walk Fly to: Rome Fiumicino Airport - 27 minutes by car (29 km) Close by: Vatican City, Vatican Museums, Castel Sant'Angelo Recommended accommodation: Hotel Artemide |
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Vatican City
Year: 1984
Vatican City
Year: 1984
