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      • Orange Flag Towns of Italy >
        • Roccascalegna
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        • San Vito al Tagliamento
        • Alberona
      • Vineyard Towns of Italy >
        • Barolo
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      • Mural Towns of Italy >
        • Dozza
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      • Spa Towns of Italy >
        • Salsomaggiore Terme
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      • Ghost Towns of Italy >
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    • Italian Coastal and Lake Resorts >
      • Top Ten Italian Beach Resorts >
        • Isola Bella (Taormina)
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      • Seaside Towns of Italy >
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      • Coastal Towns of Southern Italy >
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      • Coastal Towns of Northern Italy >
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      • Italian Coastal Areas >
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      • Italian Beaches >
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        • Beach Resorts of Italy >
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        • Blue Flag Beaches in Italy
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    • Man-Made Landmarks of Italy >
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      • Bridges of Italy >
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      • Modern Landmarks of Italy >
        • Trevi Fountain
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      • Rivers of Italy >
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      • Mountains of Italy >
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      • Mountain Ranges of Italy >
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      • Wine Regions of Italy >
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    • Religious Buildings of Italy >
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        • Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
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      • Basilicas of Italy >
        • Saint Peters Basilica
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        • Basilica di Sant'Anastasia
      • Abbeys & Monasteries of Italy >
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      • Baptisteries of Italy >
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      • Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy >
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      • Religious Sanctuaries of Italy >
        • Sanctuary of Padre Pio
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        • La Verna
      • Chapels of Italy >
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        • Nora
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        • Metaponto
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      • Gardens of Italy >
        • Villa Taranto
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        • La Mortella Gardens
        • Villa Rufolo
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        • Villa Monastero
        • Villa Lante
        • Villa Carlotta
        • Villa Cimbrone
        • Giardino Giusti
      • Museums of Italy >
        • Vatican Museums
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        • National Museum of Science & Technology (Milan)
        • Naples National Archaeological Museum
        • Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Florence)
        • Egyptian Museum of Turin
        • Museo di Santa Giulia
        • National Museum of Magna Graecia
      • Palaces of Italy >
        • Royal Palace of Caserta
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        • Villa Farnese (Caprarola)
        • Palazzo Ducale Urbino
      • Art Galleries of Italy >
        • Uffizi Gallery
        • Doria Pamphili Gallery
        • Galleria dell'Accademia (Florence)
        • Pinacoteca Ambrosiana
        • Galleria d'Arte Moderna (Turin)
        • Palazzo Blu
      • Theatres of Italy >
        • Teatro San Carlo
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        • Teatro La Fenice
        • Teatro Bibiena
    • UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Italy >
      • Residences of the Royal House of Savoy >
        • Reggia di Venaria Reale
        • Castello di Govone
        • Palazzina di Caccia di Stupinigi
        • Palazzo Madama (Turin)
        • Castello di Aglie
        • Castello del Valentino
        • Castello della Mandria
        • Racconigi Castle
        • Rivoli Castle
        • Palazzo Carignano
      • Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalu and Monreale >
        • Ponte dell'Ammiraglio
        • Castello della Zisa
        • Chiesa di San Giovanni degli Eremiti
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        • Chiesa di Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio
      • Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna >
        • Archiepiscopal Chapel
        • Arian Baptistery
        • Basilica di Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
        • Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
        • Mausoleum of Theodoric
      • Longobards in Italy Places of the Power 568 to 774 AD >
        • Basilica di San Salvatore (Spoleto)
        • Castelseprio
        • Monte Sant'Angelo
        • Santa Sofia Complex of Benevento
        • Tempietto del Clitunno
      • Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany >
        • Villa Medicea La Ferdinanda
        • Villa della Petraia
        • Villa di Poggio a Caiano
      • Late Baroque Towns of the Val di Noto South Eastern Sicily >
        • Caltagirone
        • Militello in Val di Catania
        • Palazzolo Acreide
      • 18th Century Royal Palace at Caserta with the Park the Aqueduct of Vanvitelli and the San Leucio Complex >
        • San Leucio Complex
        • Vanvitelli Aqueduct
      • Venetian Works of Defence Between the 16th and 17th Centuries Stato da Terra Western Stato da Mar >
        • Peschiera del Garda
    • Parks of Italy >
      • National Parks of Italy >
        • Abruzzo Lazio & Molise National Park
        • Alta Murgia National Park
        • Appennino Lucano Val d'Agri and Lagonegrese National Park
        • Appennino Tosco Emiliano National Park
        • Aspromonte National Park
        • Cilento Vallo di Diano & Alburni National Park
      • Nature Reserves of Italy >
        • Riserva Naturale dello Zingaro
        • Adamello Brenta Nature Park
        • Stagnone Nature Reserve
        • Migliarino San Rossore Nature Park
        • Fanes Sennes Prags Nature Park
        • Torre Guaceto
      • Regional Parks of Italy >
        • Matese Regional Park
        • Po Delta Regional Park
        • Parco Naturale Orsiera Rocciavre
        • Parco di Pratolino
      • Italian City Parks >
        • Villa Borghese
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Milan

Milan​


By Dion Protani
Latest update: 5 January 2023

Although not the official capital of Italy, Milan can lay claim to several unofficial titles such as "Fashion Capital of Europe" or "Financial Capital of Italy". 

This is a city of success where the world's top designers mingle with the movers and shakers of the business world in an environment of elegance and refinement. 

That modern sheen has taken a long time to create though, after an incredibly colourful and tumultuous history.
Arco della Pace, Milan
Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, Milan
Milan Cathedral
Naviglio Pavese, Milan
National Museum of Science and Technology, Milan
Sforza Castle, Milan

Related links
Major Cities of Italy
Things to see in Lombardy
Milan Activities
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Italy

Milan: the Fashion Capital of Europe

Milan's title as Fashion Capital is reinforced by being the home to such names as Armani, Prada and Versace, just three of the stellar names who have shops within Milan's famous Quadrilatero della Moda. Otherwise known as the Quad d'Oro, the streets around Via Montenapoleone are the place to be seen for every fashionista and indeed, for any fashion house that takes itself seriously. ​

Milan Sightseeing

In terms of sightseeing, the first place to start in Milan is on Piazza del Duomo. The biggest, busiest square in the city, it is of course home to the Duomo, Milan Cathedral with its incredible gothic facade and cavernous interior setting it apart from any of its rivals. You can also climb to the Cathedral's roof and walk around freely, enjoying the outstanding views from every angle. Look down from the Cathedral and to the right of the Piazza is the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II. Built in 1865, it's Italy's oldest shopping centre but still unquestionably the most beautiful, with its iron and glass roof and polished floors leading to upscale boutiques. 

Beyond Piazza del Duomo

Across the square from the Galleria are some of Milan's best museums, while walking in the opposite direction, you shortly reach the famous Teatro all Scala, the grand old theatre that has its own museum and a fascinating history. The city's other major museums and art galleries include the Pinacoteca di Brera, the Pinacoteca Ambrosiana and the National Museum of Science and Technology, within which you can find much of Da Vinci's work and experiments. ​

​At the north-western edge of the city centre lies the huge Parco Sempione, home to a number of museums and monuments including the Arco della Pace, one of the iconic symbols of Milan. However, of even greater interest at the opposite end of the park is the magnificent Sforza Castle with its own collection of museums and galleries. ​

Away from the centre of Milan

​
There is in fact a great deal to explore beyond the confines of the city centre. The area known as the Navigli consists of a series of canals, the most important of which are Naviglio Pavese and Naviglio Grande, around which you'll find some of the city's most vibrant night life. 

​To the north of the city centre, Milan's Cimitero Monumentale is worth the extra effort and time it takes to visit and the same can be said of the historic Chiaravalle Abbey which lies in the city's southern suburbs. Around the city centre, aside from Milan Cathedral, the most important religious buildings are the Basilica di Sant'Ambrogio and the Chiesa di Santa Maria delle Grazie, home of Da Vinci's Last Supper and requiring advanced booking for visits. ​

​There is so much more to Milan than the few sights listed above; keep an eye out for the quirky Bosco Verticale which lies close to the uber-modern Porta Garibaldi train station. Arriving by train in the city you're more likely to pass through Milano Centrale whose design was heavily influenced by Mussolini and is a sight worth visiting even if you're not taking the train. ​


Milan - birthplace of the Panettone

​
In terms of food, Milan is home of the humble panettone. The traditional Christmas cake originates here and its production is carefully overseen by craftsmen with generations of skill and tradition. Much as with good wines, you can pay a lot of money for a good panettone from Milan or just content yourself with some of the less grandiose fare on offer at the city's supermarkets. ​

History of Milan: from Mediolanum to the Sforzas

​​The modern name of the city derives from its original title, Mediolanum which roughly translates as "Middle of the Plain". In recent times, the ancient name has had new life breathed into it by a Milanese bank and their heavy, and it has to be said, annoying, advertising campaign. 

Mediolanum was founded between 600 and 400 BC by a tribe of Gauls known as the Insubres. The Gauls gave way to the Romans in 222 BC and the city gradually grew in stature, eventually becoming capital of the Western Roman Empire in 286 AD before relinquishing that title to Ravenna in 402 . During this period, the Roman Empire Constantine issued the hugely important Edict of Milan which saw Christianity officially adopted as the official religion of the Empire. 

​After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, control of Milan switched to the Goths who sacked the city in 539, before the Lombards who conquered the city in 569 AD and subsequent Franks (774 AD), eventually gave way to Frederick Barbarossa's Holy Roman Empire in 1162. During the later medieval period Milan was ruled by two powerful families: first the Visconti family who oversaw the construction of the Cathedral in 1386, and then the Sforza family whose name adorns the city centre castle.

Milan from the Renaissance to the modern era​

In a period of expansion during the Renaissance, Ludovico Sforza hired Leonardo Da Vinci for a series of projects including the design and construction of war machines to defend against rival city states. It was during this time that he painted the Last Supper, a fresco at Santa Maria delle Grazie which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the city's greatest attractions in modern times. 

A 200 year period of Spanish rule preceded a slightly shorter term under Austrian stewardship, with both eras leaving an indelible imprint on the city landscape and greatly influencing its architectural styles. Milan eventually joined the nascent Kingdom of Italy in 1861, to which it has belonged ever since. World War Two had a heavy influence on the city; Allied bombing raids destroyed much of the city centre, and it was in Milan that former dictator Benito Mussolini was strung up in Piazzale Loreto in 1945. 

In modern times, media mogul Silvio Berlusconi has been instrumental in the city's political and cultural scene. He served three terms as Prime Minister and also owned the successful AC Milan football team, rivals to Internazionale (commonly known as Inter or Inter Milan), who play at the city's same stadium: the San Siro. ​

Comune di Milano
Province: Metropolitan City of Milan

Region: capital of Lombardy

Population: 1,349,930 (source: ISTAT 1 January 2023)

​
Size: 181 km²

​Elevation: 120 metres

Top sights: Milan Cathedral, Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II

Close by: Monza, Lodi, Vigevano, Crema, Pavia, Como, Bergamo

Recommended hotel: Château Monfort - Relais & Châteaux

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with "The Last Supper" by Leonardo da Vinci

​Year: 1980

Milan  Travel

Milan is one of the most important travel hubs in Italy which means not only is it easy to get to, it's also easy to get around. The first thing you notice as you walk around the city are its beautiful old trams which represent just one method of reaching the sights, while even more popular is the city's excellent underground Metro system.

​Milan can also boast 
three international airports; the closest is Milan Linate just 12 kilometres from the city centre, while Milan Malpensa (50 km) and Bergamo Orio al Serio (60 km) are both a little further out. ​
Public transport: Metro, trams, buses, mainline train stations

​​By car: Lake Como - 53 minutes (50 km), Turin - 1 hr 48' (143 km)
​By air: Linate (12 km), ​​Malpensa (50 km), Bergamo (60 km)​​

Main train station: ​​​Milano Centrale (3 km from centre)

Milan  Gallery


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