Parma​

⭐ Ranked #99 in the Italy Review Top 100 – My Most Recommended Destinations
Latest page update: 25 May 2025
By: Dion Protani
The city of Parma is the capital city of the Province of Parma with a population of 196,518 inhabitants.

Standing at an elevation of 55 metres above sea level, it covers a total area of 260 km² and lies 100 kilometres north west of Bologna, the regional capital of Emilia Romagna.  

An historical city founded in 183 BC by the Romans, Parma is famous not only for its sights, but for its food. Parma's cultural heritage was highlighted by its Italian City of Culture 2020 listing.

What People Ask About Parma

What is Parma known for?
Parma is known for its food traditions, particularly Parmigiano Reggiano cheese and Parma ham. It also has a rich cultural scene, with Renaissance architecture, an important opera house, and art collections.
What are the top sights in Parma?
Key attractions include Parma Cathedral, the Baptistery, Palazzo della Pilotta, and Teatro Regio. The city also has several museums and green spaces like Parco Ducale.
Is Parma worth visiting?
Yes, Parma is a compact and elegant city known for its food, culture and history. It’s a great place to experience the flavours of Emilia-Romagna and explore art, music and architecture without large crowds.
Can you visit a Parmesan cheese factory in Parma?
Yes, there are guided tours of Parmigiano Reggiano dairies around Parma. Visitors can watch the cheese-making process, visit ageing rooms, and taste the final product.
How do I get to Parma from Bologna?
Trains from Bologna to Parma take about 50 minutes and run frequently. Parma’s station is located near the city centre, making it easy to explore on foot after arrival.
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Discover

Discover Parma
Some places are known for a specialist type of food that they produce but Parma can boast two of Italy's favourites which are eaten the world over. The first is the unmistakable Parmigiano Reggiano which is used in a number of ways but particularly popular when grated on pasta or soups.

​Then there's Parma Ham (Prosciutto di Parma), a delicious cured ham used for sandwiches and lots of other dishes including Prosciutto e Melone. When ordering prosciutto from a deli counter in Italy, you are usually asked whether you'd prefer crudo o cotto (raw or cooked). The Parma ham is the crudo while the cotto is the pinker, cooked variety.
Sightseeing Parma: where to start

​If you come to Parma just to enjoy the gastronomy, as many people do, you will not be disappointed as the city is full of great restaurants but its two thousand year history has also left a legacy of impressive sights. In order to capture the very best of Parma on foot, a good starting point is Piazzale San Giovanni; here you'll find the Chiesa di San Giovanni Evangelista, one of the most impressive churches in the city and just a short walk from the Antica Farmacia San Giovanni, a fascinating 13th century pharmacy. ​
Piazza del Duomo and Beyond

Just a few paces on from the pharmacy brings you to the city's most famous sight: Parma Cathedral. The beautiful 11th century cathedral is flanked by the 12th century Parma Baptistery on Piazza del Duomo while across the square in the corner lies the Museo Diocesano. 

​A five minute walk (450 metres) west from Piazza del Duomo brings you to the Palazzo della Pilotta complex. Fronted by the gardens of Piazza della Pace, the huge palazzo is home to a variety of museums including: the National Archaeological Museum of Parma, the National Gallery of Parma and the Biblioteca Palatina library. ​
Across the River Parma

​Parma was built either side of a river that bears its same name; from the Palazzo della Pilotta you can cross the bridge over the River Parma to another expansive area, that of the Parco Ducale. The gardens of the park are free to enter and you can also visit the Palazzo Ducale (€3 for adults) to enjoy its Baroque interior and frescoes.
Further Exploration

Back across the river you can head towards the city centre and along the way you'll pass the Teatro Regio where it's possible to enjoy the opera, while just across the road from the theatre is another of Parma's famous churches: the Basilica di Santa Maria della Steccata.

​From the piazza outside the basilica you can pass through a walk way to what most people consider to be the centre of Parma: Piazza Garibaldi. From here you can explore the tight knot of narrow streets and start to discover Parma's delicious gastronomic delights in its bars and restaurants. This is also the best place to satisfy any shopping needs you may have with an extensive range of stores and boutiques.

Things to Do

Things to Do in Parma
  • Duomo di Parma and Battistero: The Romanesque cathedral, built in the 11th century, features a stunning dome fresco by Correggio depicting the Assumption of the Virgin. Next to it stands the Battistero, a striking octagonal structure in pink Verona marble, decorated with medieval sculptures and frescoes that mark it as one of Italy’s finest baptisteries.
  • Teatro Regio: One of Italy’s most prestigious opera houses, the Teatro Regio was commissioned by Maria Luigia of Austria in the early 19th century. It continues to host a renowned opera season and the annual Verdi Festival, celebrating the composer who was born nearby in Le Roncole.
  • Palazzo della Pilotta: This vast complex houses several cultural institutions, including the Galleria Nazionale, with works by Correggio, Parmigianino, and Leonardo da Vinci. The Teatro Farnese, a 17th-century wooden theatre built inside the palace, is a rare and atmospheric example of its kind.
  • Parma’s Culinary Identity: The city is world-famous for its food, especially Prosciutto di Parma and Parmigiano Reggiano. Visitors can tour local producers or enjoy these specialities in trattorie and markets across the city, often accompanied by local wines from the Colli di Parma hills.
  • Day Trip to Colorno: Just 15 km north, Colorno is home to the grand Reggia di Colorno, a former royal palace with French-style gardens. The town also hosts the prestigious ALMA International School of Italian Cuisine, making it a fitting destination for those interested in gastronomy and aristocratic architecture.
Parma Tours and Activities
Comune di Parma
Province: Parma

Region: Emilia Romagna

Population: 198,496 (in 2024 - source)

​​Total size: 261 km²​​

Elevation: 55 metres

Top sights: Parma Cathedral, Parma Baptistery, Parco Ducale

Close by: ​Fontanellato, Fidenza, Salsomaggiore Terme, Busseto

Where to Stay

Where to Stay in Parma
  • Hotel Stendhal Located near the historic centre of Parma, this elegant hotel offers comfortable rooms with modern amenities, a restaurant serving traditional Emilia-Romagna cuisine, and a bar. Guests appreciate the central location, excellent service, and proximity to Parma’s main attractions, including the Parma Cathedral and the Teatro Regio. €€ (mid-range)
  • B&B Corte San Leonardo Set just outside the town centre, this charming bed and breakfast features modern rooms with rustic touches, a relaxing garden, and a homemade breakfast served each morning. Visitors enjoy the personal touch of the hosts, the peaceful setting, and the easy access to Parma’s historical sites and surrounding nature. €€ (mid-range)
  • Hotel Torino Situated near Parma’s town centre, this well-regarded hotel offers comfortable rooms with scenic views of the surrounding area, a wellness centre, and a restaurant serving local dishes. Guests enjoy the friendly service, good value for money, and the short walk to Parma’s cultural sites, including the Palazzo della Pilotta and the Museo Glauco Lombardi. €€ (mid-range)
  • Agriturismo Il Bacio Located a short drive from Parma, this agriturismo offers spacious rooms with scenic views of the Emilia-Romagna countryside, a large garden, and a restaurant serving locally sourced produce. Guests appreciate the peaceful rural setting, the authentic Emilia-Romagna experience, and the short drive to Parma’s attractions and nearby vineyards. €€ (mid-range)
  • Palazzo Dalla Rosa Prati Set in a historic building in Parma’s city centre, this luxury hotel offers elegant rooms with views of the town and surrounding hills, a bar, and a restaurant serving high-quality regional cuisine. Guests enjoy the luxurious atmosphere, exceptional service, and the short walk to Parma’s cultural landmarks, including the Baptistery and the Teatro Farnese. €€€ (high-end)

Where to Eat

Where to Eat in Parma
  • Osteria del 36: Located in the heart of Parma, Osteria del 36 offers a traditional and cosy setting with a menu focused on classic Parma cuisine. Known for its homemade tortelli d’erbetta (stuffed pasta) and other local delicacies, such as prosciutto di Parma and culatello, it’s a great place to enjoy authentic flavours of the region. The friendly service and rustic charm make it a favourite for both locals and visitors. Price Guide: €€ (Affordable)
  • Ristorante Parizzi: A Michelin-starred restaurant in Parma, Ristorante Parizzi offers a refined dining experience with innovative interpretations of traditional Italian cuisine. The menu features dishes like risotto with saffron and foie gras, as well as exquisite seafood and meat options. The elegant interior, impeccable service, and focus on high-quality ingredients make it perfect for a special occasion. Price Guide: €€€€ (High-end)
  • Trattoria Corrieri: Known for its rustic charm and traditional Parma dishes, Trattoria Corrieri offers a warm and welcoming atmosphere. The menu includes specialties like tortelli d’erbetta, risotto with Parmigiano Reggiano, and slow-cooked meats. With its excellent food and casual, family-friendly setting, it’s a great spot to experience the flavours of the region. Price Guide: €€ (Affordable)
  • Ristorante La Forchetta: Situated in the city centre, Ristorante La Forchetta offers a contemporary take on traditional Parma cuisine. The menu features dishes such as risotto with local cheese, grilled meats, and fresh seasonal vegetables. The stylish setting, paired with high-quality ingredients and attentive service, makes it a standout choice for an enjoyable meal. Price Guide: €€€ (Mid-range)
  • Antica Osteria della Ghiaia: A historic restaurant offering classic Parma and Emilia-Romagna cuisine, Antica Osteria della Ghiaia is known for its hearty dishes and charming setting. The menu includes favourites such as torta fritta (fried dough) with cured meats, Parmigiano Reggiano, and a variety of fresh pastas. The warm and inviting atmosphere adds to its appeal, making it a great spot for a traditional meal. Price Guide: €€€ (Mid-range)

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Places Close to [Place Name]

Places Close to Parma
  • Reggio Emilia (approx. 36 km west of Parma): A historic city with a rich cultural heritage, Reggio Emilia is known for its medieval architecture, charming squares, and the renowned Teatro Municipale. Visitors can explore the city's historical landmarks, including the Cathedral of Reggio Emilia and the Basilica della Ghiara, or enjoy the local culinary delights, particularly the famous Reggio Emilia Parmigiano Reggiano cheese.
  • Colorno (approx. 18 km northeast of Parma): Known as the "Versailles of Parma," Colorno is home to the stunning Palazzo Ducale, a grand baroque palace surrounded by beautiful gardens. The palace was once the residence of the Bourbon-Parma family and is now a popular destination for those interested in history and architecture.
  • Fidenza (approx. 24 km southeast of Parma): A charming town with a rich medieval heritage, Fidenza is known for its impressive cathedral, the Cathedral of Fidenza, and its lively town centre. The town is also home to the Fidenza Village shopping outlet, which offers a range of designer goods at discounted prices, making it a popular stop for shoppers.
  • Busseto (approx. 31 km south of Parma): A town famous for its connection to the composer Giuseppe Verdi, Busseto is home to the Teatro Verdi and the Villa Verdi, where the composer spent much of his life. Visitors can explore the town's rich musical history and enjoy its charming streets, museums, and the peaceful countryside surrounding it.
  • Salsomaggiore Terme (approx. 35 km southwest of Parma): Known for its thermal baths, Salsomaggiore Terme is a spa town with a long history of health and wellness tourism. The town is home to a number of Art Nouveau-style buildings and parks, as well as the impressive Terme di Salsomaggiore, where visitors can relax and enjoy therapeutic treatments.
Emilia-Romagna Top 10 - My Recommended Destinations

1. Bologna
2. Ravenna
3. Ferrara
4. Cesena
5. Parma
6. Cesenatico
7. Modena
8. Rimini​
9. Brisighella
10. Comacchio

​👉 Explore the Top 10 Places to Visit in Emilia-Romagna

How to Get to [Place Name]

How to Get to Parma
Parma's train station is situated to the north of the city centre, one and a half kilometres from Piazza Garibaldi, a walk of around 20 minutes. There are also buses which take 3 or 4 minutes; any of the 1, 9, 12, 13, 2120 or 2270 will get you from the station to the city centre. The eastbound train from Parma to Bologna takes 58 minutes and stops along the way in Reggio Emilia (17 mins) and Modena (31 mins). Heading north west you can reach Milan in one hour 27 minutes, stopping first in Fidenza (11 minutes) and Piacenza (35 mins).

Although Parma does have its own airport, the number of destinations it connects to are few. With its central location, a number of alternative airports work well for visiting Parma: Bologna Airport is a car journey of 57 minutes (93 km), Milan Linate Airport an hour and 16 minutes (126 km) or Verona Airport an hour and 24 minutes (110 km).
Public transport: ​​​Train station 1.5 km from centre, local buses

​By car: ​​​Reggio Emilia - 41 mins (27 km), Modena - 57 mins (64 km)
Fly to: ​​​Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport - 57 min by car (93 km)

By train: Fidenza (11 minutes), Reggio Emilia (17 minutes)

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